Explains how to pronounce and naturally use a selected word or phrase, with register, meaning, collocations, and example sentences. Use when the user asks "how do you pronounce / how do you say this", "what does X mean", or wants vocabulary and usage help for a foreign-language word or phrase.
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Selected (German): "doch"
Pronunciation: /dɔx/ — one syllable, "dokh"; the final ch is a throaty sound like the ch in Scottish "loch," not a k.
Meaning: A flexible particle. As a standalone reply it contradicts a negative ("You don't like it?" — "Doch!" = "Yes, I do!"). Mid-sentence it softens or insists ("Komm doch mit" = "Do come along").
Usage notes: Informal and very common in speech. There is no clean one-word English equivalent — its job is tone and contradiction, so translate by function, not by dictionary.
Common mistakes: Don't reach for ja to answer a negative question — ja agrees with the negative, doch overturns it.
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